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The Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) has long been the cornerstone of investment protection in the energy sector, offering enhanced legal...
Freshfields Risk & Compliance
The US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (DC Circuit) issued a landmark ruling on 16 August 2024 with significant...
The International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) plays a vital role in facilitating the resolution of disputes...
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More than one year after the EU’s Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR) started to apply, many elements of the EC’s substantive assessment...
As part of the 14th package of sanctions against Russia adopted on 24 June 2024 as Regulation 2024/1745, the EU has introduced three...
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Professional football is not just an entertaining happening for millions of fans around the world; it is also a big money game. During...
On 23 April 2024, the Spanish Government’s Council of Ministers (Consejo de Ministros) authorised the signing by the Kingdom of Spain...
Background Iraq has historically proven to be a challenging market for investors. Investment protection treaties such as bilateral...
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On 27 July 2023, the German Federal Court of Justice (German FCJ) declared three intra-EU investor-State ICSID arbitrations inadmissible...
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Freshfields lawyers Joaquin Terceño, Campbell Herbert, and Pedro Ramirez published an article in TDM's Special Issue International...
Following the launch of the EU-U.S. Trade and Technology Council (TTC) on 15 June 2021, both jurisdictions have maintained intensive...
Since our last update on the issue in late February 2023, further decisions on the enforceability of intra-EU investor-State awards came...